Pedestrian network generation based on crowdsourced tracking data     

Xue Yang  Chang Ren  Yang Chen  Zhong Xie  Qingquan Li 《International journal of geographical information science》2020,34(5):1051-1074

ABSTRACT

Pedestrian networks play an important role in various applications, such as pedestrian navigation services and mobility modeling. This paper presents a novel method to extract pedestrian networks from crowdsourced tracking data based on a two-layer framework. This framework includes a walking pattern classification layer and a pedestrian network generation layer. In the first layer, we propose a multi-scale fractal dimension (MFD) algorithm in order to recognize the two different types of walking patterns: walking with a clear destination (WCD) or walking without a clear destination (WOCD). In the second layer, we generate the pedestrian network by combining the pedestrian regions and pedestrian paths. The pedestrian regions are extracted based on a modified connected component analysis (CCA) algorithm from the WOCD traces. We generate the pedestrian paths using a kernel density estimation (KDE)-based point clustering algorithm from the WCD traces. The pedestrian network generation results using two actual crowdsourced datasets show that the proposed method has good performance in both geometrical correctness and topological correctness.  相似文献   

An overview of clustering methods for geo-referenced time series: from one-way clustering to co- and tri-clustering     

Xiaojing Wu  Raul Zurita-Milla  Changqing Song 《International journal of geographical information science》2020,34(9):1822-1848

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A case study on Landscape Component Niche based on Landscape Pattern Indices: Yanchi,Ningxia Province,China     

XiaoNing Zhang  XueLu Liu  Ghanney Philip  XiaoDan Li  QuanXi Wang  YaNan Xu  TingTing Hui 《寒旱区科学》2020,(1):22-33

Yanchi County is located in the agro-pastoral ecotone and belongs to the ecologically fragile area of Northwest China.It is important to study the evolution of landscape pattern to curb its environmental degradation.In order to intuitively show how the landscape pattern of the study area changes over time,Landsat Thematic Mappers(TM)and Landsat Operational Land Imager(OLI)data of 1991,2000,2010 and 2017 were used.This paper attempts to apply niche theories and methods into landscape ecology,and constructs a niche model of landscape components by using"n-dimentional hypervolume niche theory"and landscape pattern indices.By evaluating the spatial and temporal evolution of niche from the perspective of two-dimensional space to reflect the changes of landscape pattern in the study area over the past 26 years,new theories and methods were introduced for the characterization of landscape pattern.The results indicate that:1)The larger the attribute and dominance value of landscape components,the higher the ecological niche and the stronger the control effect on the overall landscape.2)The ecological niche of each landscape component was significantly different,just as its control effect on the overall landscape.3)The dynamic change of the ecological niche of each landscape component was different,with grassland,unused land and arable land always in a high dominant position,although the ecological niche of construction land and water area was always low.In general,the introduction of niche theory into the landscape ecology provided a new method to study the changes in regional landscape pattern.  相似文献   

入园率视角下长三角地区化工产业时空格局演化及影响因素     

纪学朋  宋娅娅  孙延伟  王丹阳  孟浩  李升峰  黄贤金 《地理研究》2020,39(5):1116-1127

本文以全国化工产业密集区——长三角地区为例,基于规模以上中国工业企业详细数据,从化工企业入园率的视角出发,综合运用均值中心、标准差椭圆、核密度分析及空间自相关等分析方法,分析并揭示了1998—2013年长三角地区化工产业时空格局演化规律及影响因素。研究结果表明：1998—2013年长三角地区化工企业总体上呈现不断增长趋势,入园率由6.19%提升到36.98%;化工企业“西北-东南”方向分布明显,且近似呈“先东南,后西北”的路径迁移规律,较之全部企业,入园企业具有更高的离散度、更大的迁移幅度,入园企业与全部企业逐步由空间失配演变为空间匹配;中心集聚与外围扩散态势并存,发育并逐渐形成了环太湖集聚区、沿杭州湾集聚区、沿长江密集带及沿海密集带四大化工产业集聚片区,化工产业的区域空间结构趋于复杂化、有序化与稳定化;地级尺度上化工企业入园率不断提升,2003年与2013年呈显著的空间正相关,热点区逐渐由浙江东南转移到苏皖北部,冷点区从安徽北部迁移到浙江西北,基本完成了空间格局上的对称反转变换,但化工企业入园率与空间密度分布一直处于错配失衡状态。通过结合化工产业特性与长三角区域特征,定性探讨了长三角地区化工产业时空格局演化的影响因素,特别是阐述了化工产业“园区化”进程的作用机制。  相似文献   

近30 a甘肃省河东地区极端气温指数时空变化特征及趋势预测          下载免费PDF全文

黄浩  张勃  黄涛  王怀军  马尚谦  马彬  王晓丹  崔艳强 《干旱区地理》2020,43(2):319-328

基于甘肃省河东地区61个气象站点1988—2017年逐日气温数据，利用Mann-Kendall检验，Sen’s斜率估计方法分析甘肃省河东地区极端气温指数的时空变化趋势，并探讨极端气温指数与其影响因素之间的关系，最后利用NAR神经网络结合Hurst指数对甘肃省河东地区极端气温指数变化进行预测分析。结果表明：(1)从时间上看，冷极值相对指数呈下降趋势，冷极值绝对指数、暖极值以及气温日较差、作物生长期呈上升趋势。(2)从空间上看，对冷极值变化反应最为敏感的是高寒湿润区，对暖极值变化反应最为敏感的是温带半湿润区和北亚热带湿润区，除北亚热带湿润区外各区域作物生长期的变化都达到了显著水平，而气温日较差仅在温带半湿润区达到了显著水平。(3)多数极端气温指数与经纬度、海拔之间有显著相关性，但受区域自然特点影响，经度与海拔对其影响实为一类。(4)亚洲区极涡强度、北半球极涡强度以及青藏高原指数B与极端气温指数变化有密切关系，而太阳黑子等只与个别指数之间存在显著的相关性。(5)预测出的极端气温指数冷极值相对指数仍呈现下降趋势，冷极值的绝对指数、暖极值以及气温日较差、作物生长期仍然呈现增加趋势，但大多数指数与1988—2017年相比变化幅度有所降低。（6）与其他区域相比甘肃省河东地区大多数气温指数变化幅度处于中间水平，表现出其为多种不同气候区、自然区交界地带的特色。  相似文献   

2000—2015 年伊犁河谷植被覆盖时空变化特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

孙国军  李卫红  朱成刚  崔东  刘海军 《干旱区地理》2020,43(6):1551-1558

利用 2000—2015 年的 EOS／MODIS 数据，采用趋势分析、Hurst 指数、变异系数法对伊犁河 谷植被时空变化及未来趋势进行分析，结果显示：空间分布上，伊犁河谷植被覆盖度呈北部、南部、 东部偏高，西部、中部偏低的分布特征；时间变化上，2000—2015 年，伊犁河谷植被覆盖度波动减 小，减速为 6.25%·(10 a)^-1；区域分布上，伊犁河谷植被表现为低波动变化，波动程度中等以及下占 73.16%，波动程度高的区域占 26.84%。未来预测表明，伊犁河谷植被覆盖呈退化趋势，其中，持续 退化的面积占 57.55%，持续改善的面积占 13.51%。  相似文献   

南沙他国侵占岛礁战略价值及空间格局评价     

闵开付  程亮  周晓  夏南  李宁  李满春 《热带地理》2020,40(4):684-693

从建岛潜力、岛礁辐射能力和岛礁承载能力3个方面选取26个指标，采用主客观综合赋权法确定各因子权重，利用线性加权法获得被越南、菲律宾、马来西亚、文莱等国所侵占的南沙44个岛礁的战略价值，并对结果进行空间插值，分析其空间格局特征。结果表明：1）被马来西亚侵占的弹丸礁、越南侵占的南威岛、以及菲律宾侵占的中业岛，其战略价值位列前3，评价得分分别为100、98.42和97.09。2）岛礁辐射能力空间分布格局呈现“NW—SE条带式”，“最高”和“高”等级的区域由研究区西北延伸至东南，然后向东北、西南两侧递减，辐射能力格局中有2个核心区域和2个次级核心区域。承载能力空间分布格局呈现“横向条带式”，由北向南越来越低，有1个核心区域和2个次级核心区域。建岛潜力空间分布格局有3个核心区域及2个次级核心区域。3）岛礁战略价值空间分布格局有3个核心区域，分布于研究区中部、北部及南部，与越南、菲律宾、马来西亚密切相关的核心区域各有1个。越南侵占岛礁最多且空间分布较广，有2个次级核心区域也与越南密切相关，越占岛礁若进一步建设，将形成多核心协同的战略格局，需密切关注。  相似文献   

对欧亚非大陆自由主义民主格局演变的批判性分析     

麻洪川  郗笃刚  刘建忠  张晶  丁梓越 《世界地理研究》2020,29(6):1113-1124

自由主义民主作为西方谋求世界霸权而肆意输出的意识形态，以批判性话语剖析欧亚非大陆自由主义民主状况，对揭露西方民主输出的真实目的意义重大。探究欧亚非大陆“自由”等级格局演变特征，搭建“自由”等级格局演变影响因子体系，并揭示其演变影响机制。研究发现：①“自由”国家数量总体显著增长，从欧洲南部、西部、北部，亚洲南部、东北部扩散至欧洲东部、中部和非洲南部地区；“部分自由”国家数量总体明显增加，基本分布在亚洲南部、东南部，非洲东部、西部和南部；“不自由”国家数量总体略有减少，从欧洲东部、亚洲和非洲大部分地区压缩至亚非大部分地区。②“自由”等级标准差指数表现出明显上升趋势，而其变异系数表现出波动下降趋势。③总体上，欧亚非大陆具有相似“自由”等级的国家集聚程度在不断增强，其中，高值集聚出现波动增强；局部上，冷点、次冷点区域呈现“联成一片”的态势，热点、次热点区域则有“东进”的趋势。④社会经济、外部扩散、文化宗教、政治制度、西方行为等因素影响显著，且在整体和局部影响机制上呈现明显差异。⑤“自由之家”为突出和强调西方在国际政治领域的标准制定权和话语权，其“自由”等级指数具有极强的意识形态属性和战略意图。  相似文献   

第三空间还是无限场景:新零售的区位选择与影响因素研究     

汪凡  林玥希  汪明峰 《地理科学进展》2020,39(9):1522-1531

随着互联网、人工智能等技术的渗透,新零售这一城市新兴商业业态的发展对区位产生了差异化的选择。论文以星巴克和瑞幸咖啡为例,采用空间最邻近指数、核密度分析,比较上海传统零售与新零售在空间布局上的不同特征,并采用空间计量模型,进一步探究两者在区位选择因素上的差异。结果显示:①瑞幸和星巴克门店的空间布局在市域尺度上均具有明显的中心指向,但也存在差异。作为新零售的代表,瑞幸在城市各圈层的分布更为均质,不如传统零售星巴克强调城市中心区位。②传统零售与新零售具有相似性和差异性布局特征,全局而言,瑞幸的聚集程度高于星巴克。而在城市的中心区域,传统零售呈现单中心集聚特征,新零售则呈现多中心分散特征,远不如传统零售聚集。③新零售与传统零售的选址因素存在较大的差异。传统零售星巴克与商场密度有高度显著的相关性,具有商业中心偏好,而影响瑞幸咖啡选址最重要的因素是写字楼密度,且商场租金对其呈负向影响,新零售瑞幸咖啡对商务办公区域的偏好超过商业中心。  相似文献   

全球粮食安全格局的时空演化     

蔡建明  马恩朴  林静  廖柳文  韩燕 《地理学报(英文版)》2020,30(2):179-196

Food security is the primary prerequisite for achieving other Millennium Development Goals(MDGs).Given that the MDG of“halving the proportion of hungers by 2015”was not realized as scheduled,it will be more pressing and challenging to reach the goal of zero hunger by 2030.So there is high urgency to find the pattern and mechanism of global food security from the perspective of spatio-temporal evolution.In this paper,based on the analysis of database by using a multi-index evaluation method and radar map area model,the global food security level for 172 countries from 2000 to 2014 were assessed;and then spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted to depict the spatial patterns and changing characteristics of global food security;then,multi-nonlinear regression methods were employed to identify the factors affecting the food security patterns.The results show:1)The global food security pattern can be summarized as“high-high aggregation,low-low aggregation”.The most secure countries are mainly distributed in Western Europe,North America,Oceania and parts of East Asia.The least secure countries are mainly distributed in sub-Saharan Africa,South Asia and West Asia,and parts of Southeast Asia.2)Europe and sub-Saharan Africa are hot and cold spots of the global food security pattern respectively,while in non-aggregation areas,Haiti,North Korea,Tajikistan and Afghanistan have long-historical food insecurity problems.3)The pattern of global food security is generally stable,but the internal fluctuations in the extremely insecure groups were significant.The countries with the highest food insecurity are also the countries with the most fluctuated levels of food security.4)The annual average temperature,per capita GDP,proportion of people accessible to clean water,political stability and non-violence levels are the main factors influencing the global food security pattern.Research shows that the status of global food security has improved since the year 2000,yet there are still many challenges such as unstable global food security and acute regional food security issues.It will be difficult to understand these differences from a single factor,especially the annual average temperature and annual precipitation.The abnormal performance of the above factors indicates that appropriate natural conditions alone do not absolutely guarantee food security,while the levels of agricultural development,the purchasing power of residents,regional accessibility,as well as political and economic stability have more direct influence.  相似文献